Mu makampani ochapira zovala za nsalu, makina ochapira madzi ndiye chida chofunikira kwambiri mu makina ochapira zovala zapakhomo. Chikhodzodzo ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mu makina ochapira madzi. Komabe, vuto la kutsekeka kwa pamwamba pa chikhodzodzo kapena kukhala chomata lakhala likuonekera kwambiri, makamaka potsuka nsalu zopepuka. Izi sizimangokhudza ukhondo wa nsalu komanso zingayambitsenso kuipitsidwa kwina.
Kusanthula Zifukwa
❑ Kukula kwa chikhodzodzo
Mukayika chikhodzodzo cha madzi, ngati kukula kwa chikhodzodzo cha madzi sikukwaniritsa zofunikira za wogulitsa makina osindikizira, ndiye kuti mavuto angapo adzawonekera.
Ngati chikhodzodzo chili chachikulu kuposa dengu litadzazidwa ndi madzi, chikhodzodzocho chidzapitirira kukanda dengulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhodzodzo chiziwonongeka mofulumira. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati mpata pakati pa chikhodzodzo ndi khoma lamkati laatolankhaniNdi yayikulu kwambiri, chinyezi chomwe chili mu nsalu chidzachotsedwa kudzera m'malo otseguka panthawi yokanikiza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi cha keke ya nsalu chikwere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yowuma komanso mphamvu zigwiritsidwe ntchito.
❑ Dengu losinthika
Dengu la makina ochotsera madzi lingasinthe pang'ono pakapita nthawi. Kusokonekera kumeneku sikungawonekere mosavuta ndi maso. Komabe, makina ochotsera madzi akagwira ntchito, kuthamanga kwamkati kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kufika matani mazana ambiri. Kusokonekera kwa dengu kungayambitse mutu wa makina ochotsera madzi ndi thumba la madzi kuchoka pakati ndikupendekera kumbali imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbali imodzi ya thumba la madzi iwonongeke kwambiri.
Kusokonekera kwa dengu kungayambitse kuti mutu wa mphamvu ndi chikhodzodzo cha madzi zichoke pakati ndikupendekera mbali imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbali imodzi ya chikhodzodzo cha madzi iwonongeke kwambiri.
❑ Kutupa kwa sopo wothira madzi
Ngati sopo wothira madzi wogwiritsidwa ntchitozovalaNjira yogwiritsira ntchito (madzi ochapira, ufa wothira madzi, oxalic acid, acetic acid) sizigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, zingayambitse dzimbiri ku chikhodzodzo cha madzi. Zotsukira zokhala ndi asidi wambiri kapena alkalinity wamphamvu zimatha kuwononga pamwamba pa chikhodzodzo cha madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chigwe kapena kukhala chomata. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati kuchuluka kwa zotsukira zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito sikoyenera, zinthu zotsalira za acidic kapena alkaline zidzakhudza chikhodzodzo zikakanikiza, ndikuwonjezera vuto la dzimbiri.
❑ Kuchuluka kwa Dothi Pamwamba
Chikhodzodzo cha madzi chikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, zomatira zakuda zimatha kuwunjikana pamwamba pa chikhodzodzo cha madzi. Zomatira zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa chifukwa cha nsalu kapena mankhwala oyeretsera omwe ali mu makina osatsukidwa bwino.
Dothi ili silimangokhudza momwe chikhodzodzo chimagwirira ntchito komanso lingalowe mkati mwa chikhodzodzo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pa chikhodzodzo pagwe.
Malangizo Othetsera Mavuto
❑ Kuyang'anira bwino komanso kuyang'ana kukula kwake nthawi zonse
● Kulinganiza miyeso panthawi yokhazikitsa
Mukayika chikhodzodzo cha madzi, kukula kwake kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ogulitsa makina ochotsera madzi. Nthawi zambiri, payenera kukhala mpata wa 1-2mm pakati pa chikhodzodzo cha madzi ndi khoma lamkati la makina osindikizira. Ngati chikhodzodzo cha madzi chomwe chili ndi madzi mkati chili chachikulu kuposa dengu, anthu ayenera kusintha kukhala chikhodzodzo cha madzi choyenera.
● Kuyang'anira ndi kukonza nthawi zonse
Chikhodzodzo cha madzi chiyenera kufufuzidwa nthawi zonse kuti chione ngati kukula kwake kuli mkati mwa malire olamulidwa ndi ogulitsa zida. Ndikofunikira kusintha madzi mu chikhodzodzo cha madzi kamodzi pa sabata ndikulinganiza kukula kwa chikhodzodzo cha madzi. Mu mkhalidwe wabwinobwino, chikhodzodzo cha madzi chikafika kukula kofunikira, malo enieni apakati ayenera kuwonetsa mawonekedwe otuluka mmwamba.
❑ Yang'anani dengu
● Pewani kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake
Dengu lamakina otulutsira madziZingasinthe mawonekedwe pakapita nthawi, choncho tikukulimbikitsani kuti muziyang'ana mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe ka dengu nthawi zonse. Ngati dengu lasintha mawonekedwe, anthu ayenera kulikonza kapena kulisintha nthawi ndi nthawi kuti atsimikizire kuti makina ochotsera madzi akugwira ntchito bwino.
● Sinthani Parameter ya Press
Makina otulutsira madzi akamagwira ntchito, onetsetsani kuti malo apakati a mutu wopanikizika ndi chikhodzodzo cha madzi ali bwino kuti apewe kuwonongeka kwakukulu mbali imodzi ya chikhodzodzo cha madzi chifukwa cha kulephera kwa zida.
❑ Konzani bwino kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka sopo wothira ndi kusamala
● Yesetsani kuchepetsa mlingo wa mankhwala
Zotsukira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochapa zovala (madzi ochapira, ufa wothira, oxalic acid, acetic acid) ziyenera kufananizidwa motsatira malangizo a mankhwalawo. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zotsukira zokhala ndi acidic kapena alkaline yambiri. Nthawi zonse yang'anani pH ya chotsukira cha tunnel ndikukanikiza pH ya pH kuti muwonetsetse kuti zili pamalo otetezeka. (5-7)
● Kusalowererapo
Pochapa zovala, ngati mugwiritsa ntchito sopo wa alkaline, zinthu zoyenera za acidic ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti zisawonongeke kuti nsalu isaume kapena kuwononga chikhodzodzo cha madzi. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito sopo wofewa kuti musavulaze chikhodzodzo cha madzi ndi nsalu.
❑ Pamwamba pa chikhodzodzo cha madzi
● Kuyeretsa malo nthawi zonse
Dothi lomwe lili pamwamba pa chikhodzodzo liyenera kutsukidwa nthawi yake kuti lisalowe m'chikhodzodzo chamkati ndikupangitsa kuti pamwamba pake pagwe. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa pamwamba pake kamodzi pa sabata.
● Woyeretsera woyenera
Kugwiritsa ntchito chotsukira chapadera kungapewe dzimbiri lomwe limabwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika chotsukiracho. Chotsukiracho chili ndi mphamvu zochepa za mankhwala ndipo chimatha kuchotsa dothi popanda kuwononga pamwamba pake.
Njira Zopewera ndi Kusamalira Kwanthawi Yaitali
❑ Njira yogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zonse
● Muyezo wokwanira wa ntchito
Pangani ndikutsatira njira yokhazikika yogwiritsira ntchito, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito, kukonza, ndi kuyeretsa chikhodzodzo cha madzi. Onetsetsani kuti wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense akudziwa bwino ndikutsatira mosamala malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito.
● Maphunziro ndi mayeso
Phunzitsani ogwira ntchito nthawi zonse kuti awadziwitse njira zoyenera zogwiritsira ntchito komanso malo okonzera. Onetsetsani kuti wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense amadziwa bwino luso lake poyesa.
❑ Kusamalira ndi kuyang'anira zida
● Sungani makina osindikizira nthawi zonse
Chosindikizira ndi chida chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito zikhomo zamadzi. Yendani nthawi zonse ndikusamalira zigawo zonse za chosindikizira kuti muwonetsetse kuti chikugwira ntchito bwino. Makamaka, kuyang'ana dengu ndi mutu wa pressure ziyenera kuonedwa ngati zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukonza.
● Kukweza ndi kukonza zida
Kutengera ndi momwe makinawa amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ganizirani zokweza kapena kukonza makinawa kuti awonjezere magwiridwe antchito ake komanso nthawi yogwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ikani makina owunikira okha kuti aziwunika kukula kwa chikhodzodzo cha madzi ndi momwe makinawa amagwirira ntchito nthawi yeniyeni.
❑ Konzani bwino njira yotsukira
● Sinthani magawo ochapira
Sinthanikutsukanthawi ndi kutentha malinga ndi mtundu wa nsalu ndi kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa. Pa nsalu yowala, kutentha kotsuka kuyenera kuchepetsedwa moyenera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kuti zisawonongeke pa nsalu kapena dzimbiri la chikhodzodzo cha madzi.
● Wonjezerani kuchuluka kwa zotsukira
Pakutsuka, onjezani kuchuluka kwa zotsukira kuti muwonetsetse kuti mankhwala otsala mu nsalu yatsukidwa bwino. Izi sizingochepetsa dzimbiri la chikhodzodzo cha madzi komanso zimawonjezera ukhondo wa nsalu ya nsalu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-01-2025